| Description: |
After 7 d incubation, OAβ altered RPE cell morphology and activated SASP, as revealed by the SA-β-Gal staining, as well as enhanced the expression of a set of senescence genes, AMD, matrix metalloproteinases, and autophagy-related genes. A point of interest is that some matrix metalloproteinases were affected, but not all were expressed in RPE cells. In other cells, SASP is primarily proinflammatory and has been shown to comprise chemokines, metalloproteinases, proteases, cytokines, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. The senescence genes studied are p16INK4a (Cdkn2a), p21CIP1(Cdkn1A), p27KIP (Cdkn1B), p53 (Tp53 or TRP53), IL6, and MMP1. ELV-N32 and ELV-N34 reverted these effects. |