About Enhancer
| Enhancer ID: | E_02_0978 |
| Species: | human |
| Position : | chr22:24236392-24237411   |
| Biosample name: | |
| Experiment class : | Low throughput |
| Enhancer type: | Enhancer |
| Disease: | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| Pubmed ID: | 21087445 |
| Enhancer experiment: | Luciferase Reporter Assay,PCR,EMSA,DNaseI-seq |
| Enhancer experiment description: | DNase I hypersensitivity was used to identify potential hypersensitive sites (HS) across the MIF gene locus. Reporter gene assays were performed in different human cell lines with constructs containing the native or mutated HS element. Following phylogenetic and transcription factor binding profiling, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and RNA interference were performed and the effects of incubation with mithramycin, an antibiotic that binds GC boxes, were also studied. An HS centred on the first intron of MIF was identified. The HS acted as an enhancer in human T lymphoblasts (CEMC7A), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) and human monocytic cells (THP-1), but not in a fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell line (SW982) or cultured FLS derived from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. |
About Target gene
| Target gene : | MIF(GIF,GLIF,MMIF) |
| Strong evidence: | -- |
| Less strong evidence: | Luciferase Reporter Assay,PCR,EMSA,DNaseI-seq |
| Target gene experiment description: | DNase I hypersensitivity was used to identify potential hypersensitive sites (HS) across the MIF gene locus. Reporter gene assays were performed in different human cell lines with constructs containing the native or mutated HS element. Following phylogenetic and transcription factor binding profiling, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and RNA interference were performed and the effects of incubation with mithramycin, an antibiotic that binds GC boxes, were also studied. An HS centred on the first intron of MIF was identified. The HS acted as an enhancer in human T lymphoblasts (CEMC7A), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) and human monocytic cells (THP-1), but not in a fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell line (SW982) or cultured FLS derived from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. |
About TF
| TF name : | SP1(SP1) |
| TF experiment: | Luciferase Reporter Assay,EMSA |
| TF experiment description: | In order to determine whether Sp1 is recruited to the MIF intron 1 Enhancer, EMSA was performed using CEMC7A nuclear extract and a radiolabelled DNA probe of the 5?region of the intronic sequence.We were able to demonstrate that Sp1 bound this sequence, as competition with excess cold Sp1 consensus sequence and addition of Sp1-specific antibody resulted in the abrogation of a shifted complex. |
About Function
| Enhancer function : | -- |
| Enhancer function experiment: | -- |
| Enhancer function experiment description: |
-- |
About SNP
| SNP ID: | -- |
Upstream Pathway Annotation of TF
Enhancer associated network
The number on yellow line represents the distance between enhancer and
target gene